Journal of Material Sciences and Manufacturing Research 2024
Empirical data on how nanobubble-treated fluids reduce fouling accumulation in heat exchangers, with direct implications for energy efficiency and carbon reduction. SRC/JMSMR-229. DOI: 10.47363/JMSMR/2024(5)191. Also featured in Stainless Steel World Americas, September 2025.
Journal of Earth and Environmental Research 2025
Peer-reviewed study on biocatalytic microbial systems for mercury reduction in wastewater and dental evacuation applications. ISSN 2634-8845.
Journal of Bio Adhesion and Biofilm Research, Vol. 33, Issue 10 2017
Vessel-scale study on iodine-infused aeration for marine hull fouling prevention, conducted in collaboration with US Navy research partners.
International Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning Conference, Dublin, Ireland 2015
Peer-reviewed proceedings paper on shipboard heat exchanger maintenance using bubble infusion technology, presented at the European Heat Exchange Symposium in Dublin.
Final Report TR-NAVFAC-EXWC-EV-1404 · ESTCP Project WP-201219 2014
Government-commissioned final report evaluating in-situ heat exchanger cleaning technology using I2 bubble infusion, funded through the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program.
Wound Repair and Regeneration, 22(2): A56–A56 2014
Published study on the application of iodine vapor bubble infusion as a topical antimicrobial therapy for bovine mastitis wound treatment.
International Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning Conference, Budapest, Hungary 2013
Peer-reviewed proceedings paper presenting two case studies on biofouling control in plate heat exchangers using iodinated bubble infusion.
IUVA News, Vol. 12 No. 1 2010
Foundational observational study on the I2 air purge flush method for controlling biofouling on UV lamp sleeves, published by the International Ultraviolet Association.
International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling (ICMCF) 2018
Vessel-scale study on iodine-infused aeration for marine hull fouling prevention, conducted in collaboration with US Navy research partners.
Int. J. Environmental Research and Public Health — NIH / NLM 2020
Peer-reviewed study on the efficacy of iodine vapor for water disinfection and biofilm clearance, published in the NIH National Library of Medicine.
I 2 Air Fluid Innovation and the Heat Transfer Research Institute (HTRI) announce an exclusive licensing agreement for the deployment of vapor nano bubble infusion technology across HTRI’s global network of member companies and heat exchanger research programs — the first exclusive commercial license of the CIUB process in the industrial heat transfer vertical.
A technical overview of how vapor infusion addresses heat exchanger fouling — one of the most significant sources of operational inefficiency and carbon output in industrial fluid systems. Presents field data from commercial deployments and outlines the integration pathway for existing infrastructure.
A feature article describing the vapor infusion technology that forms the basis of the HTRI–I 2 Air Fluid Innovation partnership. Covers the underlying process, commercial validation results, and the application of the technology across heat exchanger systems in marine and industrial settings.
Michael Radicone is available for speaking engagements, conference presentations, and panel participation in the nanobubble and heat exchanger fouling communities.
A seven-page technical paper reviewing vapor infusion and nanobubble science, commercial deployment data, and the relationship between heat exchanger fouling and greenhouse gas emissions. Co-authored with researchers from UC Irvine and Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico. Demonstrates that even marginal fouling reduction correlates directly with measurable CO₂ output reductions.
In-Situ Shipboard Heat Exchanger Cleaning & Maintenance Using Iodine Bubble Infusion (i2BI) Technology Conducted in collaboration with Dr. Richard Lee (NAVSEA)
Evaluation of iodine-infused bubble systems for real-time fouling mitigation and restoration of heat exchanger performance in naval vessels
Use of Iodinated Bubbles to Retard Biofouling in Ship Cooling Systems. Development of a low-chemical, in-situ method to reduce marine biofouling and improve operational efficiency in seawater cooling loops
Prevention of Hull Fouling Using Iodinated Bubble Curtains. Multi-phase validation of bubble curtain systems for hull fouling prevention — targeting reduced drag, improved fuel efficiency, and minimized maintenance requirements
Use of Elemental Iodine Vapor Bubbles in Liquid Media to Inactivate Mastitis Pathogens on Cow Teats. Investigation of iodine bubble systems as a non-antibiotic approach to pathogen control in dairy applications
Use of Elemental Iodine Vapor Bubbles to Inactivate Mastitis and Environmental Pathogens in Dairy Environments. Expanded validation in real-world dairy settings, including environmental pathogen control and improved herd health outcomes
Heat Exchangers World Publishing 2025
Technical overview of vapor infusion for heat exchanger fouling reduction, presenting field data from commercial deployments and the integration pathway for existing infrastructure.
Heat Exchanger Fouling & Cleaning Conference, Lisbon · Heat Exchanger World 2024
Conference proceedings paper presenting field and laboratory data on vapor infusion as a preventive approach to heat exchanger fouling. Also published in Heat Exchanger World, June 2024.
Reach out to schedule a conversation with Michael Radicone at any of our 2026 events.
