Diligence Library

Studies & Patents

Independent university research, government-funded studies, and a protected IP portfolio. Organized for technical and business evaluation.

4

Granted US Patents

1

Provisional Application

13

University Collaborations

8

Government Studies

Independent Studies

UC Irvine / NanoSight

66 nm · 192 hr

3-min iodine vapor infusion in DI water. NanoSight NTA. Marco Ugalde Valdes, Earthman Labs. July 2023.

NJIT

Sub-100 nm × 14 samples

Zeta potential, size, concentration verified across 14 configurations. Confirmed reproducibility.

Cornell CNF

24 hr persistence

Benzoate nanobubbles from 2-min infusion. NSF Grant ECCS 1542081. December 2024.

Malvern Panalytical

Mode 58–60 nm

Near-identical NTA measurements 1.5 hours apart at 30 hours post-infusion.

Washington State University

90-sec Interfacial Activity

Testing demonstrated rapid reductions in measurable microbial counts and biofilm presence, consistent with physical disruption and removal mechanisms associated with ultrafine bubble activity.

UC Irvine Published

2010–2022

Colloids & Surfaces B (2022), J. Colloid Interface Sci (2021), ACS Applied Materials (2020), Corrosion Mgmt/EPRI (2010).

Government studies: USDA Phase 1 & 2, US Navy DoD, US Navy NESDI, US Undersea Warfare 1–3

Patent Portfolio

System and Method for Generating Nanobubbles

Provisional Application 63/857,818 · Filed Aug 5, 2025

Provisional Application

Provisional patent application covering the non-mechanical, diffusion-based CIUB system. Configurable carrier gases and chemical agents. Advancing to formal utility filing. Establishes the priority date for the central platform technology across all approved verticals.

Iodine-Laden Gas Application (First)

US 10,471,166 B1 · Granted Nov 12, 2019 · Active through 2037

Granted

Foundational patent. Closed/semi-closed system generating carrier gas with iodine vapor for surface treatment.

Iodine-Laden Gas Application (Second)

US 10,646,608 B2 · Granted May 12, 2020 · Active through 2037

Granted

Adds negative ion generation and dual-phase control. Enhanced dispersion and surface interaction.

Iodine-Laden Gas Application (Third)

US 11,504,442 B2 · Granted Nov 22, 2022 · Active through 2038

Granted

Sensor integration, humidity control, automated calibration. Flagship system-level patent with microprocessor architecture.

Mercury & Heavy Metal Wastewater

US 12,312,267 B2 · Granted May 27, 2025

Granted

Biological media system for toxic mercury transformation using biocatalytic media and surfactant-stabilized microenvironments.

Trade Secrets and Proprietary Know-How. In addition to the patent portfolio, I 2 Air Fluid Innovation, Inc. maintains extensive proprietary trade secrets and know-how, including process parameters, chemical agent configurations, infusion protocols, and integration expertise, that are not disclosed in any public filing and provide an additional layer of IP defensibility independent of any single patent outcome.